Abstract: This paper defines the Human Genome Project and discusses some of the ethical and social issues associated with genetic modification.
Einstein’s Theory of Irreducible Algebraic Polynomials
This paper discusses Einstein’s theory of irreducible polynomials in algebra. It attempts to understand the theory by first defining terms, and then giving examples.
Cellular Chemistry
This paper discusses the chemistry of the human cell.
Metamorphosis: Hybrid Design
This paper explores the design of machines that must perform multiple functions; it concentrates on the Harrier fighter and the hybrid ca
Metamorphosis: Metamorphoses in Nature
This paper examines the changes throughout the life cycle of flowers, frogs and butterflies.
Volcanoes
This paper will discuss volcanoes, where they exist, how they are formed, and how eruptions are caused.
Lasers: Harnessing the Atom’s Light
This paper outlines, then examines a popular science book on lasers.
History of the Mathematical Development of Navigation
This paper examines the development of navigational mathematics which made those epic adventures possible. Navigation will be examined from the Greeks through the Phoenicians, Columbus, Victorian...
ScienceTeaching for Fourth Graders
This paper examines some of the social, cultural and cognitive barriers that elementary school children face in learning science.
Volcanic Ash
This paper examines the effects that volcanic ash can have upon airplanes. It has caused several stalls and, though no deaths have resulted from volcanic ash, there is significant danger to...
What It Means to be Human
This paper examines the nature of psychology and its relation to science. It also discusses the science of psychology as well as psychology as science, by exploring the work of Dollard and Miller,...
Women Astronomers
This paper considers the careers of four notable women scientists, and asks why they chose astronomy.
The Psychology of Homicide
This paper examines the view, put forward by evolutionary psychologists, that homicide and other violent acts are a genetically encoded aspect of human nature and that is it unreasonable for us to...
The Science of Air Travel
This paper examines the history of commercial aviation, explores the air traffic control system and aircraft design. It discusses the relationship between technology and society as represented by...
Tooth Whitening
This paper examines the dental procedure of tooth whitening in detail.
Ichthyosaurs
This paper answers several specific questions about the ichthyosaurs.
Octopus dofleini
This paper explores the Pacific giant octopus
Protein Structure
This paper examines some of the techniques available for determining the structures of proteins, focusing on x-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance. Implications for such protein...
Madagascar Hissing Cockroaches
This paper discusses these unique insects, where they live, their behavior and how they make the hissing noise for which they’re known.
The Neanderthal man and different theories of what happened to him.
Four different theories will be examined that attempt to explain what happened to the Neanderthal man.
Einstein
This paper provides a brief biography of Albert Einstein, and answers specific questions about him.
Gene Manipulation
This paper examines the uses of gene manipulation to treat cancer as well as chronic diseases
Limits on Human Reproductive Technology
This paper examines the issue of whether or not there should be limits on the technology used to help childless couples conceive.
Advancement of Women in the Sciences
This paper examines some of the prejudice against women in the sciences, and profiles several women scientists.
CFC Production and Ozone Depletion
This paper examines the issue of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and their effect on the ozone layer.
Examination of Marine Biology Article
This paper considers an article from a biological journal, and whether or not it is clear and understandable at the writer’s level of knowledge.
Examination of Articles on Forensic Post-Mortem Toxicology
A description and summary of each of five articles from the Journal of Forensic Sciences
Water Quality Assessment of Tap Water in Denver
An analysis of water quality data from five Denver residents, including its bacterial, physical, and chemical qualities.
Rainforests of the Pacific Northwest
This paper discusses the delicately balanced relationships among the various parts (plants, animals, insects) of the rainforest.
Effect of Eutrophication on Freshwater Species
This paper discusses the causes and effects of eutrophication (excess nutrient contamination)on the ecosystems of freshwater bodies.
Hawaii
This report is an in-depth examination of some of the non-tourist aspects of the Hawaiian Islands.
The Indiana Dunes as an Example of Scientific Reasoning
This paper explains the ways in which scientists contruct theories and experiments in attempts to explain the natural world, using the Indiana Dunes as an example.
GIS Technology Use in a Water Main Break
Describes how GIS technology can be used to plan a response and recovery operation for a water main break, including identifying the location, notifying the public, and testing the water for...
Biotechnology and Sustainable Agriculture
This paper features a discussion of the history of sustainable development with particular attention to food production. Includes an examination of challenges involved in the achievement of...
Pollution in the Oceans
Ocean pollution has been linked to the decreased mortality, developmental and reproductive problems, and even extinction of some ocean species; however, there have been no cause-and-effect...
Disposal of Hazardous Waste
This paper discusses the problems of disposing of hazardous waste, specifically nuclear and hospital waste; it touches briefly on chemical waste.
Mass Extinction
Lists and explains various theories of mass extinctions, focusing on those theories relying upon evidence found in ocean sediment.
Behavioral Endocrinology
Discusses organizational and activational effects of hormones on parental vs. aggressive behavior in humans and 2) organizational and activational effects of reproductive hormones on sensorimotor...
Galileo's " Dialogue "
This paper examines Galileo's "Dialogue" and explains its significance in history, and why it led to its author's clash with the Roman Catholic Church.
The First Two Years of Infant Development
Introduction: The human animal is one of the most complex organisms in the known universe. Unfortunately, it comes without instruction sheets or an owner's manual. However, physicians,...
The Extinction of Dinosaurs
Discusses the various theories surrounding the sudden extinction of the Dinosaurs.
Howler Monkeys and Deforestation
Examines the effects of deforestation, and the impact of ecotourism, habitat preservers and corridors on the Howler monkey populations of Central and South America.
Insect-Borne Diseases in the USA
Introductory Paragraph: Insect-borne diseases have a terrible history of devastating human life. Malaria and yellow fever have been man's enemy ever since he began to explore the humid jungles of...
Animal Cognition
In this paper, there will be a discussion on animal cognition, addressing both the psychological and biological aspects of the argument. Both sides of the debate will be explored in an attempt to...
Thomas Kuhn's Paradigm
Summarizes Thomas Kuhn's assertions as brought forth in his text, The structure of Scientific Revolutions, particularly his emphasis on paradigms.
Aging Techniques in Marine Mammals
Argues that determining age in marine mammals is a deadly serious scientific endeavor that can help keep our animal populations from extinction.
Agriculture of Southern Italy
Discusses the history of farming in Southern Italy and how it is a hard-scrabble life that offers little reward.
Ozone Layer Depletion
Provides a definition of the ozone layer and discusses the problems associated with its depletion, including the health risks and the effects on weather patterns. The discussion includes mention...
A Study of Ozone Depletion & Solutions
Examines a study of ozone depletion which was released by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in 1988. The report concluded that the ozone was indeed thinning because of the use of...
Pacific Northwest Forests in Perspective
Discusses the important role that insects play in the ecosystem of the Pacific Northwest's forests. Specific species are examined to gauge the overall effects that insect life has on the precious...
Enzymes & Metabolizing Alcohol
Focuses on alcohol dehydrogenase as a critical enzyme in terms of the body's ability to metabolize alcohol. Discusses the enzyme's relationship to levels of alcoholism and how it interacts with...
The Wild Boar of Mount Diablo
Assesses the increasing populations of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the Diablo Range, particularly Mount Diablo, in the eastern region of California's Contra Costa County. The animals' habitat and...
Archaeology- The Boxgrove Site in England
Examines the excavation at Boxgrove in England. This site is a very exciting archaeological discovery as the bones found at the site may well be the earliest hominid remains in Europe. The focus...
Air Pollution in America
This paper provides an analysis of the article Big-city Smog Smothers New Skies. A discussion of the author's use of language and point of argument will be the focus as the writer analyzes the...
Astronomy and Mythology in Greece and Africa
According to the Greek fables, the world was formed out of the confusion known as Chaos, in which earth, sea and air were all mixed up together. On the other hand, African mythology carries a much...
Darwin and the Theory of Evolution
Outlines the history of evolutionary theory culminating in Darwin's theory of natural selection.
Personal Influences of a Gravity
This is a light, somewhat sardonic essay on the observation of a scientific principle. It takes the notion that gravity exercises enormous control over our lives.
Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity
Analyzes Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity and General Theory of Relativity and how they changed scientific thinking about laws of nature and the universe.
Coral Reefs
Analyzes the structure and ecosystems of coral reefs. Also discusses the threats to reefs and what has been done to save them.
Global Warming
Discusses the causes and effects of global warming and evaluates its political and economic implications .
The Human Hand and a Panther's Paw Compared
Compares the function of the human hand with a panther's paw.
Plate Tectonics
Explains how the Himalayas formed from the collision of two tectonic plates, and that the plates continue to move.
Formation and Development of the Himalayas
Explains how the Himalayas formed from the collision of two tectonic plates, and that the plates continue to move.
Mt.St. Helens Eruption
Analyzes the destruction and aftermath of the 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens Volcano.
Bone & Skeletal development in Females
Examines research on certain aspects of skeletal development in females and reviews some recommendations as to osteoporosis complications. Also discusses the impacts of exercise and diet on the...
The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake
Discusses the 1906 earthquake which, along with the fires that followed, devastated San Francisco at the turn of the century. Focuses on how the earthquake provided the scientific community with...
Human Growth & Development
Begins by briefly defining the stages of human life from the fertilization of the egg to death. The report then discusses human growth and development, addressing such topics as identity, sex...
Operational Research Developments
Operational Research (O.R.) is the application of scientific methods to complex organizational problems. Improvement of an existing system, and good designs for new systems are the aims in the...
An Essay Proposal on the Ozone
This report introduces the issues relevant to ozone depletion and the problems associated with it, including the greenhouse effect. Also includes an annotated bibliography of 5 sources. It is...
The Zebra Mussel
A discussion of the Zebra Mussel's habitat, life-cycle, and ecological significance.
Human Evolution
Discusses the evolution or development of the human species through the connection of the hominids as well as other anatomical, genetic, and historic relationships to other primates. Also discusses...
Antibodies and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Discusses how Anti-Ig antibodies are a causal factor of rheumatoid arthritis, by which they are known as rheumatoid factors.
Genes and Cell Types
Attempts to determine why genes, such as the Immunoglobulin (Ig) and TCR genes, are arranged only in narrowly specified cell types.
Earthquakes
Discusses earthquakes and the risks associated with these devastating occurrences.
Mites
Discusses the biology of mites as well as their classification and anatomy.
Against Nature: A Cultural Construct
Identifies, analyzes, and argues for the relationship between humans and nature, promoted by a cultural construct, in this case the image of a tornado.
A Wilderness Experience: Whitewater Rafting
Discusses whitewater rafting, the equipment needed, safety training, physical requirements, planning a trip, and the best time of year to raft.
The World's Food Supply: Outlook and Concerns
Discusses the environmental challenges and obstacles in feeding the world as we approach a new millennium.
The Geology of the Grand Canyon
Discusses the geology of the Grand Canyon, the role of the Colorado River, and current theories.
The Four Quantum Numbers , VSEPR and the Ideal Gas Equation
Discusses the four quantum numbers and their relationship to atomic shells, subshells, orbitals, and electrons; Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR) and how it relates to molecular...
Isometric Exercise and Blood Flow
Discusses the purposes and effects of isometric training and details the relationship between these exercises and hemodynamics, or the flow of blood throughout the body.
Quartz
Provides a general description of the physical properties of quartz, where it can be found, how it forms as well as its varieties and the reasons for its varieties. Also discusses its economic...
Fermentation- Grapes to Wine
Examines chemical properties of fermentation, and the changing of grapes into wine.
The Earth's Moon
Analyzes the Moon from the perspective of its formation, geological conditions, and the effect of other bodies upon its structure and the effect the Moon has on the Earth.
Biography of Isaac Newton
Presents a biographical analysis of Sir Isaac Newton with an emphasis on his scientific achievements and what they meant to Western Civilization.
The Contributions of Kepler , Galileo, Copernicus and Newton
Provides an overview of the contributions and influences these men had on understanding the order of nature and cosmos.
Plastics and Their Environmental Impact
Examines how plastic was invented, how it is manufactured, how it is disposed of, and some of the positive aspects of the product, including projections for future improvements.
Moral Issues and Bio-Engineering
Discusses the ethical implications of genetic engineering. Some of the issues which will be explored are: 1) will genetic modification become a homegrown industry - that is, will it become popular...
The Park Movement
Discusses the history of the American Park Movement and the prominent role of Frederick Law Olmsted, the father of landscape architecture who designed everything from New York's Central Park to the...
Theories of Homosexual Behavior in Primates
Discusses homosexual behavior in primates, particularly in the Bonobo. The Bonobo is one of the Great Apes, and its homosexuality is the best documented. Descriptions of its sexual behavior, and...
Bernoulli Principle
Discuss Daniel Bernoulli and the Bernoulli Principle. Reviews how the principle relates to aviation and a couple of simple experiments that will demonstrate how the principle works. Then, discusses...
Drilling for Oil in the Arctic National Refuge in Alaska
This paper will discuss whether drilling for oil should be permitted in the Arctic National Refuge in Alaska. A brief historical overview of the situation will be provided, and then both sides of...
The Depletion of the Ozone Layer and the Green House Effect
A basic introduction to the problem of the depleting ozone, the reasons for its existence, and the resulting ramifications . There is also discussion of ultraviolet rays and the interaction of...
Nucleotides and the Human Body
Defines the essential components of the system of the human body. Elements discussed are nucleic acids, DNA, RNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm, enzymes, and more. The process of transcription is also...
Niagara Falls: One of the Natural Wonders of the World
Provides an historical overview of the Niagara Falls. Also discusses the significance, origin, and geography of this landmark site.
Sociological Aspects of Ecological Issues in Japan
Discusses Japan's management of ecological issues such as environmental pollution, recycling, and landfill usage and explores the Japanese attitude toward ecology.
Climate and Tornadoes
Examines the connection between climate and tornadoes, and in doing so it describes the climate in the region where tornadoes occur most frequently on the planet. It also describes tornado...
The Whittier Narrows Earthquake of 1987
Discusses the 1987 Los Angeles quake in Whittier and compares it to San Francisco quake of 1989.
Oil Spills Off the California Coast
Discusses how oil spills off the California coast led to the passage of laws and the enforcement of policies designed to keep and environment intact.
Glacial Lake Formation : The Origin of the Great Lakes
Offers a variety of processes by which lakes are formed, including an extended description of glaciers and their role in the formation of lakes. Discusses the ice age and its causes, and the impact...
Wolves: Biology and Behavior
Discusses environment and behavior of wolves, in particular the common wolf, grey wolves, red wolves, and wolf hybrids.
Evolution and the Founder Effect
Discusses the evolutionary theory of founders effects and provides in-depth examples of its processes in genetics and development.
The Process of Lake Acidification
Begins with a general overview of pollution and acidification. Also discusses the causes and effects of acidification.
The Earth is Running on Empty
Describes past and current energy level consumption, greenhouse gas concentration and the greenhouse effect. Also discusses changes that can be made to reverse the current trends by utilizing...
The Atomic Bomb
Looks at the atomic bomb, its potential for harm and impact on people's lives.
Amino Acids , Proteins and the Athlete
Discusses amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins, in terms of their existence and function in the human body. Also summarizes the importance of proper balances of amino acids to...
The Wave-Particle Duality of Life
Examines the wave-particle duality of light, with emphasis upon the nature of light, the photo-electric effect and its applications, wave particles of particles, quantum mechanics, De Broglie waves...
Is There Life on Mars?
Examines the possibility of life existing on the planet Mars and how scientists' discoveries have given rise to this application.
The Benefits of Genetic Engineering
Describes and defines genetic engineering, presents several genetic diseases that have been identified and discusses gene therapy for the treatment, cure and prevention of genetic diseases.
The Restoration of a Damaged Habitat
Discusses the efforts of scientists to restore a damaged habitat, using the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Prince William Sound as an example.
The Theory of Grouping in Physics
Discusses the two main areas of physics, classical and modern, and the main advances in the 20th century. Finally, it discusses Murray Gell-Mann's theory of groupings.
Mount Rushmore
An essay which details the history of this prestigious historical site. Based on a visit to Mount Rushmore.
The Legal & Ethical Issues of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
The Exxon Valdez oil spill raised numerous questions regarding the legal and moral responsibilities of corporations, specifically Exxon. The report examines the drastic environmental effects of...
The Sodium-Potassium Pump
Discusses the mechanism of the sodium-potassium pump in the human cell and its importance for the regulation of the sodium and potassium levels within the cell.
The Causes and Impacts of Deforestation
Discusses the contributing factors to deforestation, such as logging and commercial agriculture. The environmental impacts of these activities include soil erosion, global warming, changing climate...
The Origin of Birds
Discusses the question of whether or not birds evolved from dinosaurs. This report looks at the evidence which links birds to dinosaurs and the theories of scientists and experts in this field....
The Use of Animals in Modern Medical Research
There is no doubt in anyone's mind that experimenting on animals has benefited the human race by providing many medical breakthroughs that may not have been possible without the use of animals in...
Tornadoes
Examines the way in which tornadoes form, the Fujita scale that is the standard by which they are measured, and advances the theory that science will someday be able to predict them accurately.
The Causes and Effects of Water Pollution
Discusses how water sources are polluted and the effects of this pollution on humans, wildlife, and the water itself. The question, what are the causes and effects of water pollution, is examined...
DNA Cell Methylation in Mammilian Cells
Discusses the process of DNA cell methylation in mammals, specifically as it relates to cancer.
The Environmental Adaptation of the Alligator
Discusses the physiology and evolution of the alligator, and analyzes the differences in morphology and adaptation between captive-reared and wild alligators.
Galileo Galelei and the Heliocentric Model
Discusses Galileo's background in mathematics and astronomy and analyzes his revolutionary theory that the earth revolved around the sun.
